Dental surgical instrument



J. H. TAYLOR.

DENTAL SURGICAL INSTRUMENT.

APPLICATION FILED ocr. 25. 1920.

Patented Aug. 2,` 1921.

M Tau/01" I N VEN TOR.

y' TTORNEY.

UNITED STATES .TAXES H. TAYLOR, 0F OWENSBORO, KENTUCKY.

DENTAL SURGICAL INSTRUIWENT.

Application led October 25, 1920.

T0 all whom i may concern Be it known that I, JAMES II. TAYLoR, acitizen of the United States, residing at Owensboro, in the county ofDaviess and State of Kentucky, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in VDental Surgical Instruments, of which the following isa specification.

This invention relates to dental surgical instruments and moreparticularly to an instrument designed for use in the operation ofcutting away the bony processr in which a malerupted molar has becomeimpacted.

When a lower wisdom tooth is malerupted or impacted, it will usually befound that the bony process of the inferior maxillary hasy grown overthe upper side of the substantially horizontally projecting tooth.Therefore, one of the first requirements is to remove this portion ofthe bony process so as to permit of the tooth being lifted from itsimpression, it being impracticable to extract the tooth on a direct lineas its crown is presented directly toward the adjacentside of therespective second molar. This disposition of the wisdom tooth whenmalerupted in the manner stated is due to the sharp upward curvature ofthe upper portion of the inferior maxillary. i

In view of the foregoing the primary object of the invention is toprovide an instrument which may be conveniently manipulated withoutliability of injury to the patient and which will operate to smoothlycleave or cut away the portion of the bony process of the inferiormaxillary which has grown over the upper side of the malerupted molar.Thus by the use of the instrument this portion of the bony process mayby a single operation be cut away and removed leaving a smooth surfacewhich will `quickly heal.

Another object of the invention is to so construct the instrument thatthe same may be securely clamped or anchored to the molar and whichwill, when operated to cut away the bony process as above explained,exert a lifting action upon the molar tending to draw the same-from itsimpression, so that, other conditions being fairly normal, the actualextraction of the tooth after disengagement of the instrument therefrom,may be effected by the use of the ordinary force s.

n the accompanying drawings: Figure l is a side elevation of one of theSpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 2, 1921.

Serial No. 419,203.

instruments embodying the present invention, the view illustrating themanner in which the instrument is to be employed in operating upon themalerupted or impacted third molar at the left hand of the inferiormaxillary; y

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the instrument;

Fig. 3 is a front elevation of the instrument, the same beingillustrated clamped to the molar;

Fig. 4 is a top plan view illustrating a modification of the instrumentto adapt it for operation upon vthe right hand llower third molar;

Fig. 5 is a detail longitudinal sectional view through the blade of theinstrument;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the forward .portion of one of thepivoted members of the instrument. y

The instrument shown in Figs. 2 and 4 of the drawings are of counterpartstructure, and the only difference is that the one shown in Fig. 2 isadapted to be employed in operating in the extraction yof the lower leftthird molar, the instrument shown in Fig. 4 being designed for use inthe operation of extracting the lower right hand third molar, .andtherefore l reference lnumerals which are employed in specificallydescribing the instrument shown in Figs. l and 2 will be applied tocorresponding parts in Fig. 4.

Fig. 1 of the'drawings illustrates clearly the conditions under whichthe instrument shown in Figs. l and 2 is to be employed. In this figure,the reference letter A indicates the left side of the inferior maxillarybone and B the sharply upwardly curved rear portion thereof. The secondmolar is indicated by the letter C and the third molar or wisdom toothby the reference letter D. It will be observed that the third molar ismalerupted or impacted so that it occupies nearly a horizontal position,being embedded to a considerable extent in the bony process of theinferior maxillary. When this molar D is malerupted as illustrated in'Fig. l, its crown will bepresented toward and in close proximity to, ifnot in actual contact with, the rear side of the second molar C. It isevident that under theconditions illustrated it would be impossible toextract a malerupted molar by a direct withdrawal due to the obstructionoffered bythe second molar C, and that before the molar B can A member2. A pivot screw 7 has athreaded be lifted from its impression, the bonyprocess of the maXillary A must be removed where it embeds the upperside of rthe molar, and it is for the purpose of removing this portionof the bony process that the instrument which will'now be specificallydescribed, is employed.

The instrument embodying the invention comprises a pair of crossedpivoted members one indicated ingeneral byV the numeral 1 and the otherby the numeral 2. The member 1 comprises a handle 3 which is pro-v vidednear its forward end with a flattened portion 4 which is rotatablydisposed against a similarportion 5 formed `at the forward portion ofthe handle 6 of the portion 8 which is tightly screwed into' a threadedopening 9 formed in the portion e of the member 1, and a cylindricalshoulder portion 10 and a head 11 which latter portions are rotatablyreceived within a similarly formed recess 12 in the portion 5 of themember 2. In this mannerthe members 1 and 2 are pivotally connected, andin order that .their pivotalmovement in a directionto bringthe handles 3and 6 toward I each other, may lbe4 limited, the side mem! bers 1 and 2are provided rearwardly of their .portions land 5 respectively withcoacting shoulders 1 3 and'la. The handles 3 and 6 may beknurled orotherwise inf ished and maybe of any shape best adapted to provide forconvenient manipulation of the instrument.

In order that the instrument may be clamped or anchored tothe thirdmolar preparatory to cuttingaway the portion of the bony process whichembeds the upper side of the molar, the member 2 is provided forwardlyof its pivot with a forward extension 15 and a jaw 16 united by aflattened pivot portion 17. A'j'aw 18 is provided with spaced pivot ears19 disposed tostraddle the pivoted portion 17 and a pivot pin 20 isfitted through the said ears and throughthe said pivot portionso thatthe jaw is pivotally connected for swinging movement with the,jaw"16.The `numeral 21 indicates an interiorly threaded boss which is lformedupon the inner side ofthe iiXed jaw 16, and threaded into thisboss is an`adjusting screw 22 which'eirtends through a slot 23 formed in the jaw18and is provided with ahead 211 by which it may be rotated, the headbearing against the outer side'of thesaid jaw 18 and being provided inits periphery with diametric openings 25 in which may be inserted vtheend of any; suitable imple-V ment which may then beV employed as aleverfor the purpose of. rotating the screw to bring the jaws together inclamping the same to themolar. The jaws, in' thepresent form ofinstrument, are. turned downwardly and forwardly from their pivotedends, and

vthe opposing faces of the jaws at their outer Y or vlower endsarepupped or concaved as `drawings; Referring to the said figure `itwill be evident that after the instrument hasbeen disposed in-the properposition, the adjusting screw 22 may be tightened so as to cause the jawfaces4 26to bind firmly against the-opposite sides of the molar to beextracted and thus the member 1 ofthe instrument is firmly clampedoranchored to the said molar.

The member 2 of the instrument is Aprovided forwardly beyond its pivotwith an extension 27 which is suitably arched to adapt it to clear theupper sides of the jaws 16 and 18, and the terminal portion of thisentension is yformed ltol provide a blade indi-V cated by the numeral28'. ThisY blade has a knife edge 29 which is suitably sharpened, andthe outer side of the blade is suitably rounded both transversely andlongitudinally, as indicatedby the numeral 30, so as toprovide a smoothsurface, the opposite orinwardly presented Vface of the blade 'beingconcaved longitudinally and transhandle G .will cause theiulblade 28 tomove v downwardly and vcutcleanly through the bony process. It will beevident that when leverage is exerted against the handle 6 in the mannerabove stated, not only will the blade be moved downwardly to cut throughthe bonyA process, but the resistance offered to the blade will resultvin a tendency for the member 1 of the instrument to lift'V the jaws 16and 18 so'thatas the process is cut away the instrument'will be causedto exert a certain amount of force tending to elevate `the molar .fromits impression, andV thus the operation of .extraction vis somewhatfacilitate'd. y

Having thus described theinvention, what is claimed as new is:

ing a pair of pivoted handle members, transversely alined tooth clampingmeans carried by one of said members, and a cutting blade carried by theother member and operating in advance of the clamping means and having aconcave side presented inwardly toward the said clamping means.

8. A dental surgical instrument comprising a pair or' pivoted handlemembers, pivoted jaws carried by one of said handle members, means foradjusting the jaws to clamp a tooth, and a cutting blade carried by theother handle member and movable therewith with relation to the clampingjaws upon the first mentioned handle member.

4. A dental surgical instrument comprising` a pair of pivoted handlemembers, one of said members being provided with an eX- tension beyondits pivot, a jaw extending from the extension forwardly and thence in adownward direction, a jaw pvoted to the first-mentioned jaw, thelast-mentioned jaw having a slot, an adjusting screw having threadedconnection with the first-mentioned jaw and extending through the slot,and a cutting blade carried by the other handle member.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

JAMES H. TAYLOR. [n s]

